Units of figures representing millions
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What is MM?
In finance and accounting, MM (or lowercase “mm”) commonly denotes that the units of figures presented are in millions. The Roman numeral M denotes thousands. In this context, MM is the same as writing “M multiplied by M,” which is equal to “1,000 times 1,000,” which equals 1,000,000 (one million).
While Roman numerals are technically additive (MM is really 1,000 plus 1,000 or 2,000), MM is still a fairly common way of abbreviating millions, especially in certain industries like oil and gas. This guide will explore how the notation should be used, as well as alternative symbols that are used in practice.
Example of MM in Financial Statements
The Roman numerals MM are frequently used to designate that the units used in presenting information (financial and non-financial) are in millions. The example below shows how figures can be portrayed in millions.
As you can see in the figures above, net income and preferred dividends are labeled as being $mm (millions of dollars), shares authorized and shares outstanding are labeled as mm (millions of shares), and earnings per share (EPS) are labeled as $/share.
In this example, we intentionally chose a piece of analysis that contained various different units, such as dollars and shares. When an analyst must present various different types of units, it is recommended to add a “units” column so that each item contains a label for easy reference.
When preparing financial statements, accountants will typically write a note at the top of the income statement or the balance sheet saying, “All figures are expressed in millions of U.S. dollars,” for example.
Download CFI’s Excel template to edit the figures yourself.
Alternative Notations to MM
The use of two m’s to denote millions is becoming less common. Frequently, in finance and accounting settings now, an analyst will use k to denote thousands and a capitalized M to denote millions.
For example, $100k x 10 = $1M
The table below summarizes different notations you may encounter in business.
| Hundreds | Thousands | Millions | Billions |
|---|
| Written | $ hundreds | $ thousands | $ millions | $ billions |
| 0's | 00's | 000's | - | - |
| Roman | - | m | mm | - |
| Modern | - | k | M | B |
Unfortunately, there isn’t a consistent approach to labeling units. The least ambiguous approach is to simply write them out in words, such as “$ thousands.” This is CFI’s recommended method, to avoid any potential confusion.
Additional Resources
Thank you for reading CFI’s guide to MM (Millions). To continue learning and advancing your career, these additional CFI resources will be helpful:
FAQs
If we wanted to denote millions, we would show that as MM. For this, we should credit the Romans. M is the Roman numeral for thousand and MM is meant to convey one thousand-thousand — or million. To take it further; one billion would be shown as $1MMM or one-thousand million.
What unit is mm million? ›
What is MM? In finance and accounting, MM (or lowercase “mm”) commonly denotes that the units of figures presented are in millions. The Roman numeral M denotes thousands. In this context, MM is the same as writing “M multiplied by M,” which is equal to “1,000 times 1,000,” which equals 1,000,000 (one million).
How much is 1MM in dollars? ›
For example, 1MM equals 1 million, $34MM equals $34 million and so on.
What is $100 mm in dollars? ›
Example: If a company reports $100 MM in revenue for the year, it means that it earned $100 million in sales over the year.
Is million m or mm reddit? ›
K = thousand, M = Million.
How do you abbreviate 1 million? ›
1 Million can be abbreviated as: 1 mil (proper layman notation in 90% of use cases) 1 MM (in the financial world only, and then only to save space)
What does mm m unit mean? ›
The millimetre (international spelling; SI unit symbol mm) or millimeter (American spelling) is a unit of length in the International System of Units (SI), equal to one thousandth of a metre, which is the SI base unit of length. Therefore, there are one thousand millimetres in a metre.
Is mn short for million? ›
The abbreviation of millions is now 'mn' instead of 'm'.
What does mm mean? ›
A millimeter (abbreviated as mm and sometimes spelled as millimetre) is a small unit of Displacement (length/distance) in the metric system.
How much is $5 mm? ›
On the other hand, the abbreviation "MM" can also stand for "million." It is often used as a more informal or shorthand way of representing one million. So if someone says they earned $5MM, it means they earned five million dollars as well.
Lowercase "mm" does mean millimeters, but uppercase "MM" is used for millions. "Mille" is Latin for "thousand". MM is Mille Mille. So technically MM would be "thousand thousands" or "a million" .
How much is $10 mm? ›
You can see this abbreviation, for example, on a Balance sheet, Income statement, or any other financial record of a business. Here are a few examples of how MM is used in accounting: Equipment expenses of $12MM equal to $12 million. A cash loan of $10MM on the books would mean $10 million and so on.
Do you Capitalise M for million? ›
Prefixes: Symbols of SI prefixes that mean a million or more are capitalized and those less than a million are lower case (M for mega (millions), m for milli (thousandths)).
Do you capitalize M in million? ›
1 Answer. You would write "1 million" or "1M". When abbreviated, capitalization is necessary, but by itself, "million" is lowercase.
Is M the symbol for million? ›
Abbreviated Forms
| Number | North America | Rarer Forms |
|---|
| thousand | K | thsnd(.), M |
| million | M | mil(.), mill(.), mln(.), MM |
| billion | B | bil(.), bill(.), bln(.) |
| trillion | T | tril(.), trill(.), trn(.), tln(.) |
Feb 5, 2018
The financial world uses "K" when referring to "per thousand dollars".
